An Educational Leadership Philosophy for School Leaders

Business Need Analysis And Stakeholder Analysis Focus On...

1. Introduction The report dwells on flipped classroom, which is about student centric learning approach rather than traditional learning. The university has the hypothetical aim of increasing the use of flipped classroom. It has partial implementation of this model and focused on extending it to other courses. Most of the courses are online with recorded lectures and few face-to-face communication sessions such as workshops primarily come under flipped learning. Though it can be considered as partial flip, there are certain ways in which it can be implemented. The following discussion on business need analysis and stakeholder analysis focus on Academic support perspective. The ways the academic support can be improved in order to enhance†¦show more content†¦This need can be described as an opportunity rather than a problem. This may be considered as one of the aspect of Griffith University’s ambitious plan, which states in its annual report. As the university wants to increase the use Name: Krishna Arisetty ID: S2854563 5 ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼6 of flipped learning, this can be considered as need generated to create a strategic goal. So this can be described as a need generated from top down approach. There may be a variety of solution for enhancing academic support for students and staff to increase flipped learning. The correct approach is to be identified by consulting stakeholders involved in the project. This is basically done through elicitation of requirements from stakeholders. 2.1 Business goals and objectives To fulfill the goals the set of objectives are considered for detailed analysis which are in compliance to SMART test. The objectives are prepared after discussion with peers and generic stakeholders involved and Griffith University’s strategic plan. These objectives are specific, measurable, achievable relevant and time bounded. The primary objective in relation to academic support for flipped learning methodology is †¢ Within 24 months, university will increase flipped learning methodology to more than half of the courses by improving the academic support by creating additional support for students and staff and appointment booking for consultations and

The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 14 Free Essays

string(30) " nothing but a rabble-rouser\." ‘You say that,’ said Jesus. ‘Did he speak to you in this insolent way?’ Pilate asked Caiaphas. ‘Constantly, sir. We will write a custom essay sample on The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now ’ Pilate told the guards to set Jesus on his feet. ‘I’ll ask you again,’ he said, ‘and I expect some politeness this time. Do you claim to be the king of the Jews?’ Jesus said nothing. Pilate knocked him down, and said, ‘You hear all these charges they lay against you? You think we’re going to put up with this kind of thing? You think we’re stupid, to allow agitators to go around causing trouble and urging the people to riot, or worse? We’re responsible for keeping the peace here, if you hadn’t noticed. And I will not put up with political disturbance from any direction. I’ll stamp that out at once, make no mistake. Well? What have you got to say, King Jesus?’ Again Jesus said nothing, so Pilate told the guards to beat him. By this time they could hear the shouts of the crowd outside, and both the priests and the Romans feared a riot. ‘What are they shouting about?’ demanded Pilate. ‘Do they want this man released?’ Now there was a custom that at the time of Passover, one prisoner of the people’s choice would be given his freedom; and some of the priests, in order to agitate the crowd and make sure Jesus didn’t escape with his life, had gone among the people urging them to plead for the life of Barabbas. One of Pilate’s officers said, ‘Not this man, sir. They want you to free Barabbas.’ ‘That murderer? Why?’ ‘He is popular, sir. You would please them greatly by letting him go.’ Pilate went out on to his balcony and spoke to the crowd. ‘You want Barabbas?’ he said. They all cried, ‘Yes! Barabbas!’ ‘Very well, he can go free. Now clear the courtyard. Go about your business. He came back into the room, and said, ‘That means there’s a spare cross. You hear that, Jesus?’ ‘Sir,’ said Caiaphas, ‘if it would be possible to consider, for example, a sentence of exile-‘ ‘Take him away and crucify him,’ said Pilate. ‘Put a sign on the cross saying who he claims to be ?C the king of the Jews. That’ll teach you people to think about rebellion and rioting.’ ‘Sir, could the sign read â€Å"He says he is king of the Jews?† Just in case, you know-‘ ‘I’ve said what I’ve said. Don’t push your luck, Caiaphas.’ ‘No, of course not, sir. Thank you, sir.’ ‘Take him away then. Flog him first, and then nail him up.’ The Crucifixion Christ, among the crowd, had wanted to shout ‘No!’ when Pilate asked if they wanted Barabbas freed, but he hadn’t dared; and he felt his failure to do so like yet another blow at his heart. There was not much time now. He searched up and down among the people, looking for the angel, but saw him nowhere, and finally, on seeing a stir by the gates of the governor’s mansion, followed the crowd to see the Roman guards take Jesus to the place of execution. He didn’t see any of the disciples among the crowd, but there were some women there whom he recognised. One of them was the wife of Zebedee, the mother of James and John, another was the woman from Magdala, of whom Jesus was particularly fond, and the third, to his great surprise, was his own mother. He hung back; he wanted nothing less, at that moment, than for her to see him. He watched from a little way off as they went with the crowd through the city to the place called Golgotha, where criminals were usually crucified. Two men were already hanging on crosses there, having been convicted of theft. The Roman soldiers knew their business; it was not long before Jesus was hanging in place beside them. Christ remained with the crowd until it began to thin, which it did before very long: once the victim was nailed to the cross there was not much to see until the soldiers broke his legs to hasten his death, which might not happen for many hours. The disciples had vanished altogether. Christ went in search of the man who was his informant, in order to find out what they intended to do next, but he found that the man had left the house where he was staying, and the host had no idea where he had gone. Of course, there was no sign of the angel, the stranger, and Christ couldn’t ask after him, because he still had no name to call him by. From time to time, and always reluctantly, he went back to the place of execution, but found no change there. The three women were sitting close by the crosses. Christ took great care not to be seen by any of them. Late in the afternoon, word got around that the Roman soldiers had decided to hasten the deaths of the three men. Christ hurried to the scene, sick and fearful, to find the crowd so thick he couldn’t see what was happening, but he heard the blows as the last man’s legs were smashed, and the satisfied sigh of the crowd, and a high gasping cry from the victim. Some women began to wail. Christ walked away very carefully, as lightly as he could, trying to make no impression on the earth. The Burial One of the members of the Sanhedrin was a man from the town of Arimathea, whose name was Joseph. Despite his membership of the council, he was not one of those who’d condemned Jesus; on the contrary, he admired him and was greatly interested in what he’d had to say about the coming Kingdom. Knowing that the Passover was imminent, he went to Pilate and asked for the body. ‘Why? What’s the hurry?’ ‘We would like to bury Jesus decently before the sabbath, sir. It’s our custom.’ ‘I’m surprised you bother. The man was nothing but a rabble-rouser. You read "The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 14" in category "Essay examples" I hope you’ve all learned a lesson. Take him, if you want him.’ Joseph and a colleague from the Sanhedrin called Nicodemus, another sympathiser, took the body down from the cross with some help from the grieving women. They had it carried to a garden nearby, where Joseph had had a tomb made for himself. The tomb was formed like a cave, and the entrance was closed by a stone that rolled in a groove. Joseph and the others wrapped the body of Jesus in a linen cloth, with spices to keep it from corruption, and closed the tomb in time for the sabbath. There was still no sign of the disciples. The Stranger in the Garden Christ spent the next day alone in the room he had rented, alternately praying and weeping and trying to write down what had happened, or as much of it as he knew. He was afraid of more things than he could count. He didn’t feel like eating or drinking, and he couldn’t sleep. The money Caiaphas had given him troubled him more and more, until he thought he would go mad from shame, so he paid the landlord what he owed and gave the rest to the first beggar he saw in the street. Still he felt no better. When evening fell he went to the garden where Joseph had laid Jesus in the tomb, and sat near the grave among the shadows. Presently he became aware that the stranger was sitting next to him. ‘I have been busy elsewhere,’ said the stranger. ‘Yes,’ said Christ bitterly, ‘going to and fro in the earth, and walking up and down in it.’ ‘I know this is hard for you. But I am not Satan. The first part of our work is nearly accomplished.’ ‘And where was the ram caught in the thicket? You let me believe that something would happen to prevent the worst. And nothing happened, and the worst came.’ ‘You let yourself believe it, and your belief let the great oblation run its course. Thanks to what you did, all kinds of good will come.’ ‘So he will rise from the dead?’ ‘Undoubtedly.’ ‘When?’ ‘Always.’ Christ shook his head in irritated bewilderment. ‘Always?’ he said. ‘What does that mean?’ ‘It means that the miracle will never be forgotten, its goodness will never be exhausted, its truth will last from generation to generation.’ ‘Ah, truth again. Would that be the truth that is different from history?’ ‘The truth that irradiates history, in your own beautiful phrase. The truth that waters history as a gardener waters his plants. The truth that lights history as a lantern banishes the shadows.’ ‘I don’t think Jesus would have recognised that sort of truth.’ ‘Which is precisely why we need you to embody it. You are the missing part of Jesus. Without you, his death will be no more than one among thousands of other public executions. But with you, the way is opened for that light of truth to strike in on the darkness of history; the blessed rain will fall on the parched earth. Jesus and Christ together will be the miracle. So many holy things will flower from this!’ They were speaking very quietly, and the garden itself was quiet. But then Christ heard a low rumble, as of stone rolling on stone. ‘What’s happening?’ he said. ‘The next part of the miracle. Be calm, dear Christ. All shall be well. Jesus wanted a state of things that no human being could have borne for long. People are capable of great things, but only when great circumstances call on them. They can’t live at that pitch all the time, and most circumstances are not great. In daily life people are tempted by comfort and peace; they are a little lazy, a little greedy, a little cowardly, a little lustful, a little vain, a little irritable, a little envious. They are not good for much, but we have to deal with them as they are. Among other things, they’re credulous; so they like mysteries, and they adore miracles. But you know this well; you said this to Jesus some time ago. As usual, you were right, and as usual, he didn’t listen.’ By the tomb, some figures were moving. It was a cloudy night, and the moon, which was just past the full, was hidden; but there was enough light to see three or four figures carrying something heavy between them away from the tomb. ‘What are they doing?’ said Christ. ‘The work of God.’ ‘That is Jesus’s body!’ ‘Whatever you see, it is necessary.’ ‘Are you going to pretend he is risen?’ ‘He will be risen.’ ‘How? By means of a trick? This is contemptible. Oh, that I fell for this! Oh, I am damned! Oh, my brother! What have I done?’ And he fell down and wept. The stranger laid his hands on Christ’s head. ‘Weep,’ he said, ‘and comfort will come to you.’ Christ remained where he was, and the stranger continued: ‘Now I must tell you about the Holy Spirit. He is the one who will fill the disciples, and in time to come more and more of the faithful, with the conviction of the living Jesus. Jesus could not be with people for ever, but the Holy Spirit can, and will. It was necessary for Jesus to die so that the Spirit could descend to this world, and descend he will, with your help. In the days to come you will see the transforming power of the Spirit. The disciples, those weak and troubled men, will become like lions. What the living Jesus could not do, the dead and risen Jesus will bring about by the power of the Holy Spirit, not only in the disciples but in everyone who hears and believes.’ ‘Then why do you need me? If the Spirit is so all-powerful, what help can I possibly give?’ ‘The Spirit is inward and invisible. Men and women need a sign that is outward and visible, and then they will believe. You have been scornful lately when I have spoken of truth, dear Christ; you should not be. It will be truth that strikes into their minds and hearts in the ages to come, the truth of God, that comes from beyond time. But it needs a window to be opened so it can shine through into the world of time, and you are that window.’ Christ gathered himself and got to his feet, and said, ‘I understand. I shall play my part. But I do so with a bitter conscience and a heavy heart.’ ‘Of course. It’s natural. But you have a great part to play still; when the records of this time and of Jesus’s life are written, your account will be of enormous value. You will be able to determine how these events are remembered right up until the ending of the world. You will-‘ ‘Stop, stop. Enough. I want to hear no more for now. I am very tired and unhappy. I shall come back here on the morning after the sabbath, and do whatever I have to do.’ How to cite The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 14, Essay examples

Effects of Capitalism on African Economics free essay sample

This paper is an in-depth study of how capitalism has affected African-Americans since the times of slavery. The paper studies the effects of capitalism on African economics through history. It studies capitalism in connection with slavery and then moves on to economic issues affecting the African-Americans of today. It also studies the effects of capitalism on the economic situation of the Africans of Cuba. Finally, conclusions are made about the effects of capitalism on the African race. The English colonialism is considered responsible for the promotion of the Atlantic trade and slave plantation system. The profits of slavery were mainly to serve the English economy. Englands sole economic position helped the establishment of these colonies. The capitalist transformation of agriculture assisted in creating land less laborers that was available in the form of wage labor in England. The transformation of the English economy assisted in introducing a market for the new goods in these colonies. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Capitalism on African Economics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Earlier, this labor was based on wages and applied in the new plantations in Barbados and elsewhere. British emigrants were contracted to work as servants for plantation for a specific time after which they were set free to seek other jobs.

How medicine and surgery improved between 1870 and 1900 Essay Example

How medicine and surgery improved between 1870 and 1900 Paper The late 19th century was a period of enormous medical change and progress. Many diseases that had been fatal in 1800 were either treatable by 1900, or a cure would be found very early in the 20th Century using techniques developed by 19th-century scientists. Doctors, chemists, and scientists investigated medicine using new scientific technology made available by the Industrial Revolution, and made discoveries that changed the face of medical practice. Most important was the development of the germ theory (1857) by Louis Pasteur, a discovery that gave doctors and scientists the key to understanding, treating, and preventing disease. There was huge progress in discovering the causes of disease in this period. For centuries common sense had told people that there was a connection between dirty conditions and disease but they had yet to explian what the link was. In the early 1800s it was explained by miasma or bad air which was given off rubbish and decaying matter. In the 1850s however, French scientist, Louis Pasteur became interested in micro organisms and developed a theory that these germs, as he called them, were the cause of the problem. Aided by developments such as the microscope Pasteur discovered particular microorganisms growing in a vat of alcohol that was going bad. He was called in by other industries who had similar problems and concluded that germs were responsible not only for milk turning sour, but also wine, beer etc going bad. Building on the work of Pasteur, the German doctor, Robert Koch, found a way to stain micro-organisms so that they could be observed more easily. Using his methods the causes of diseases were identified very quickly. In 1882, for instance, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis was discovered. We will write a custom essay sample on How medicine and surgery improved between 1870 and 1900 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How medicine and surgery improved between 1870 and 1900 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How medicine and surgery improved between 1870 and 1900 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There was also development in the treatment of diseases. Kochs success in the 1880s spurred Louis Pasteur into action again. In 1879 him and his team were able to successfully vaccinate chickens against cholera using an attenuated (weakened) form of the disease. In 1881 Pasteur demonstrated in a public display the vaccination of sheep against anthrax. In 1882 he developed a vaccine that could prevent rabies; a disease that caused certain death and suffering in the process. Inspired by Pasteurs work the German physiologist, Emil Von Behring was able to develop an antitoxin that would treat cases of diptheria and tetanus (1890). The former had been a scourge of the population, especially children, whereas the other was a leading cause of death in wars due to infected wounds. Such a discovery came about with the knowledge that it was certain substances, called toxins, which some bacterium such as tetanus secrete, that cause disease. There was also improvements in surgery in this period. Surgery in the early 1800s was dangerous and painful. Surgeons had to work quickly and there was no way of completely relieving pain suffered by the patient. Infection was perhaps the greatest danger; germs entering wounds could cause blood poisoning and gangrene. Almost half of all patients who had leg amputations died because of infection. Until the acceptance of the germ theory in the 1860s, surgeons did not take any precautions to protect open wounds. They reused bandages, thus spreading disease from patient to patient. Doctors did not wash their hands before an operation, nor did they sterilise their equipment. However once they concluded that it was the germs that were causing complications surgeons started developing way to prevent them entering wounds. Joseph Lister, for example, experimented with carbolic acid (1867) which he had seen used to treat sewage. He found a thin mist of carbolic acid sprayed over the wound during surgery limited infection. By following this with careful bandaging the wound would heal and not develop gangrene. While an effective antiseptic carbolic acid was unpleasant to use so many doctors and nurses didnt like it or use it. It was discovered in the late 1800s, however, that hot steam killed more germs than the carbolic acid spray. Surgeons started steam sterilising their surgical instruments using an aseptic method which applied to all equipment in the theatre, creating a germ free environment. The problem of pain was once which was solved to a certain extent in the late nineteenth century. In the early 1800s there were still only three operations which surgeons could carry out with some success: the amputation of limbs, trephining and the removal of superficial tumours. All were carried out as swiftly as possible to reduce the pain suffered by the patient. However, medical knowledge was advancing rapidly and some surgeons felt that if the patient could be knocked out, then there would be no resistance and this would give them more time to operate and could improve their techniques. During the same period chemistry was developing and scientists were finding that certain chemicals could have an effect on the body. Ether was used by J. R Listoon in London in 1800 to anaesthetise a patient during a leg amputation. However ether had severe drawbacks. It irrated the lungs, causing the patient to cough during the operation. It was also unstable and produced inflammable vapour. In 1847 the effects effects of chloroform were discovered and it was soon used to help relieve womens labour pains during childbirth. However chloroform was more dangerous to a patient than ether especially when adminsitered by an untrained practioner. Local anaesthetics became more widely used as these did not seem to produce the same side effects as gas treatment. Anesthetics based on cocaine started to be used from 1884. The late nineteenth century marked a time of key discovery. Scientists were able to identify the causes of and largely treat a wide range of diseases. With the knowledge of the germ theory surgeons made greater efforts to prevent the spread of disease in the operating theatre by devising new aseptic and antiseptic methods which, while not perfect, significantly improved the success rate of operations by limiting infection.

Free Essays on Durango Street

Is Dally’s Death a Suicide? The definition of suicide is self murder. Sometimes suicide can happen if you feel depressed or sad, or if a friend of family member had been killed. This kind of incident may make you feel like you could kill yourself. I had a friend die from suicide; it was a serious deal. There are ways to get help with these kinds of feelings: you can get help from a guidance counselor and you can also get medication from your doctor to help stabilize your emotions. In my friend’s case, he was getting some help but not always following his doctor’s directions. Some people kill themselves because they think being dead is better than the situation they’re in. Dally’s death is a suicide. There are a couple of reasons that give it away. Dally robbed a grocery store and then ran under a streetlight and said, â€Å"I have a heater,† (gun), but actually the gun was not loaded. The gun was used as a decoy. The police fell for it and started shooting at Dally and eventually killed him. Dally lost a friend named, Johnny, due to a serious injury caused from a fire. All the â€Å"Greasers† felt the loss. Dally led a very violent life. He had no parents and no guidance at all. He dropped out of high school. He and his friends caused trouble, smoke cigarettes, drank beer, fought, and went to parties for a good time. This is not what I call a normal life. Dally’s record caught up with him and he didn’t like it. He was always running from the police and looking for shelter. He probably got into more trouble in his 16 or 17 years of life than most people would in three lifetimes! This troubled lifestyle started when Dally was young. He was a very hard-nosed man and didn’t like taking advice from other people. Dally was a smart criminal. He knew when to do things at the just the right time. I feel that Dally finally realized that he was leading the wrong kind of lif... Free Essays on Durango Street Free Essays on Durango Street Is Dally’s Death a Suicide? The definition of suicide is self murder. Sometimes suicide can happen if you feel depressed or sad, or if a friend of family member had been killed. This kind of incident may make you feel like you could kill yourself. I had a friend die from suicide; it was a serious deal. There are ways to get help with these kinds of feelings: you can get help from a guidance counselor and you can also get medication from your doctor to help stabilize your emotions. In my friend’s case, he was getting some help but not always following his doctor’s directions. Some people kill themselves because they think being dead is better than the situation they’re in. Dally’s death is a suicide. There are a couple of reasons that give it away. Dally robbed a grocery store and then ran under a streetlight and said, â€Å"I have a heater,† (gun), but actually the gun was not loaded. The gun was used as a decoy. The police fell for it and started shooting at Dally and eventually killed him. Dally lost a friend named, Johnny, due to a serious injury caused from a fire. All the â€Å"Greasers† felt the loss. Dally led a very violent life. He had no parents and no guidance at all. He dropped out of high school. He and his friends caused trouble, smoke cigarettes, drank beer, fought, and went to parties for a good time. This is not what I call a normal life. Dally’s record caught up with him and he didn’t like it. He was always running from the police and looking for shelter. He probably got into more trouble in his 16 or 17 years of life than most people would in three lifetimes! This troubled lifestyle started when Dally was young. He was a very hard-nosed man and didn’t like taking advice from other people. Dally was a smart criminal. He knew when to do things at the just the right time. I feel that Dally finally realized that he was leading the wrong kind of lif...

Farming Transition Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Farming Transition - Article Example This is necessary and should be kept in mind because there are multi-agricultural families and structures developed whose roots are connecting to farming from the start and it is a family trade. The article points out to the fact that farming policies and the values of farmers do matter when it comes to making sustainable development in the area and reap benefits from the agricultural industry. The author sheds light on the fact that success in the agricultural field can be achieved through the proper understanding of the impact of cultures on farming. This is because every race has a different history and heritage which further has an impact on their objectives, visions and their accessibility to farmlands. This tends to have an impact on the way that every race manages the farms owned by them. The article describes that a wide diversity of farmers makes it more feasible to progress and gain economic benefits from the cultural farming legacies. Having a diverse farming structure doe s not necessarily mean that the business is bound to expand or grow in a profitable manner but can also cause a conflict in this agricultural dynamic change. It should also be noted that there is no gender equality when it comes to farming practices. Where in some cultures women are more involved than men in the trade, it might be the opposite in others. If a country needs to prosper, then the agricultural side of it should be dealt with on both federal and state levels. This ensures both sides of the party to benefit.

Plant Genome Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Plant Genome Comparison - Essay Example ecause of its relevance to biosecurity as its seeds contain high levels of highly toxic ricin protein which acts as a ribosome inactivator (Chan et al. 1). For the purpose of the genomic comparison, three studies (The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative, Ming et al. and Chan et al.) exploring the genome content of these plants have been used in the succeeding sections. The Carica papaya genome is three times larger than the Arabidopsis thaliana genome but has fewer genes. In fact, Carica papaya has lesser genes than any angiosperm so far sequenced. Its genome size is 372 Mbp while that of Arabidopsis thaliana is 125 Mbp. The genome of Ricinus communis is also fairly larger compared to Arabidopsis thaliana but smaller than Carica papaya, having a size of 350 Mbp. Compared to the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, Carica papaya genome has lesser disease resistance gene analogues. It also has minimal angiosperm gene set and lacks a recent genome duplication, which is unusual for other angiosperm genomes so far sequenced. The genome of Carica papaya is largely euchromatic but also has highly condensed heterochromatin knobs that represent 30–35% of its genomic DNA. In Arabidopsis thaliana genome too, there are euchromatic and heterochromatic regions. Most protein coding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana reside in the euchromatic regions while heterochromatin regions around the centromere have transposons and other repetitive sequences. In fact, in Arabidopsis thaliana account for around 10% of the genome, almost one-fifth of the intergenic DNA. The genome assembly of Ricinus communis is fairly fragmented with several megabase-sized scaffolds. Fifty percent of the Ricinus communis genome is found to be repetitive DNA, one-third of which is retrotranposons and less than 2% DNA transposons. BLASTZ alignment studies of chromosomal segments of Carica papaya with syntenic regions in Arabidopsis thaliana have shown that 34.8% of Arabidopsis thaliana genes in any one segment correspond

Ideology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ideology - Essay Example On 1st September 1939, Germany (Nazis) under the rule of Hitler attacked and invaded Poland. This action is considered as the primary provocation that caused of the Second World War. Hitler used fear and propaganda to spread nationalism within Germany. It would later give rise to the Nazis who were at the forefront of accomplishing the goals set up by Hitler (Lynch, 2013, 20). An example of the propaganda he spread stated that the Jewish community was solely responsible for the problems that plagued Germany. Hitler and his supporters and sympathizers made it their mission to eradicate Jews from Germany. Benito Mussolini was the youngest prime minister in Italy. He served as Italian prime minister from 1922 to 1943 (Warf, 2012, 282). He was a person who loved his country very much and disliked anyone who did not. He was a close ally to Adolf Hitler and supported Germany’s invasion of Poland. He started out as a democratic leader until 1925 when he dropped democracy in favor of nationalism, and he was one of the key figures in the creation of the dictatorship. Mussolini ruled with an iron fist and dealt viciously with individuals who were considered traitors to his course. His involvement with Hitler did not sit well with some of Germany’s critics mostly France and the United Kingdom. He was arrested after his forces were defeated subsequently executed by Italian supporters of Victor Emmanuel III. He died in disgrace just as his friend Adolf Hitler. Mussolini used propaganda to further his nationalistic views, and he went further as to force teachers and other civil ser vants to take public oaths as a show of loyalty to him and to Italy. Liberalism advocates for individual freedom with the addition of other freedoms including speech and religion. It is a fundamental belief whereby people are free to chase their goals in their own way just as long as they do not violate

Female Absenteeism from Sociology Theories

Female Absenteeism from Sociology Theories Critically explore the claim that women have been excluded from the history of sociology. When studying the history of sociology, it is evident that the perspective of male scholars and theorists has been much more prevalent than that of females and has had a greater influence on the nature of society today. In patriarchal society, men have made their own knowledge and their own gender representative of the whole of humanity (Daly, 1973;8, cited in Spender, 1981). The most dominant theorists who pioneered sociology during their time, were males such as Durkheim and Weber, regardless of the fact that they had many female contemporaries (such as Webers wife, Marianne, who became a feminist and writer) who at the same points in history, had developed theories and conducted research of their own. This essay will aim to critically explore the claim that women have been excluded from this history, and will attempt to show arguments both for and against this statement. The exclusion of women in the history of the sociological field can only be fully understood when examining the exclusion of women in the history of society as a whole. For example in late 19th century England, women were not recognised as individuals. They were confined to the private and domesticated world, where they were unnoticed by public society. Some women did engage in more public activities, although there were restrictions, such as the factory legislation, which limited the involvement of women in the industrial sector. Men held formal power over the family, and women were confined to the private sphere of society and were excluded from the public sphere where they enjoyed few of the same benefits and privileges as men (Eisenstein, 1986). As during the 19th and 20th centuries, the dominant role of women was involved in the private sector rather than the public, this could perhaps have lead to the exclusion of women in sociological history. This meant that sociologists at the time were unable to conduct research on women, as they were unaware of the exact roles of women in this sector of society had. Additionally, at this point in history there were many other aspects of society that were to be observed, for example the industrial revolution. This created many changes in the lives of the working classes, and as such a majority of the work force was male, this only aided in the exclusion of women, as they were unavailable for observation by sociologists. It is because of this, that sociologists who sought information on working classes were unable to obtain sufficient information on the female workforce and accurately represent women. Instead they could only describe the working classes as being predominantly male and b ased the majority of theories on this (Spender, 1981). In 1865 Mill became a member of the House of Commons and fought for womens suffrage, and fought to amend the laws that gave husbands control over their wives money and property (Eisenstein, 1986). Such suppression is also evident in other sectors of society, for example women have been encouraged to specialise in less prestigious areas than men, and areas which are least likely to be thought of as preparation for any academic career (Roberts and Woodward, 1981). The omission of women from the expansion of knowledge in academic fields such as social and physical or natural sciences has been documented (Roberts and Woodward, 1981), this illustrating the lack of female perspective and lack of acknowledgement of females in academic fields. The majority of knowledge in our society is that documented and discovered by men, although has been passed off as the knowledge of mankind as they claim it is representative of the whole of humanity. The views of men have become the legitimate view of society as a whole (Spender, 1981). Even the knowledge that society has of women, is not from a female perspective, but that of male scholars. It is also men who controlled the media outlets, such as womens magazines in the 1950s, which dictated to women their expected roles and behaviours and according to Betty Friedan, was so influential in shaping their lives (cited in Spender, 1985). From more recent investigation, it seems that employment prospects of women in social sciences have yet to see much improvement (Roberts et al., 1981). Beard (1946, cited in Spender, 1981), insisted that women had actively contributed to the development of society throughout history, however as womens contributions to society had been ignored for so long, this only makes it easier for this to continue and also reinforces womens poor self image (Spender, 1981). It has been argued that women need to prove themselves to be better than their male counterparts in any field before they can be accepted. It is perhaps for this reason that there is little documentation on what women did in the past (Spender, 1981). However, throughout history women seem to have played a lesser role in times of crisis and revolution in comparison to men. For this reason Hexter argued that historians were concerned with the process of social change and that since women did not play a decisive role in such proce sses, they were not the legitimate subject of history (Spender, 1981; 55). In other words, the patriarchal society of this time did not see the actions of women to contribute significantly enough to deserve historical mention. Evidence of the continuation of this Despite the majority of sociologists, during times of the industrial revolution, focusing for the most part on the lives of the working classes (or in other words, working class men) Margaret Hewitt (1958, cited in Spender, 1981) was writing about the behaviours and experiences of wives and mothers in the Victorian industrial era. Even before this, Pearl Jephcott (1949, cited in Spender, 1981) wrote on Girls Growing Up which remains a classic text in sociology. This would suggest evidence against the exclusion of women in sociological history, as there were sociologists who were writing about them. Although these sociologists mentioned were themselves, women, and as previously described, the patriarchal society of the time did not see the opinions of women to be as important as that of men. Therefore it can be said that whist the place of women in society, and their lives, was acknowledged by female sociologists, as it is a male dominated field, their works were not to be regarded highly amongst their male counterparts. In identifying this, it can also be realised that the majority of well known female sociologists, are those which discuss the roles and lives of women, over that of men. Their stance on sociology, is that from a feminist viewpoint, rather than adopting the theories of the classical sociologists, such as Marx or Durkheim. Female sociologists who take these view points are to be forever in the shadows of the original male theorists, where as female sociologists who write and research under the principles of the feminist movement seem much more likely to gain wider recognition for their work. To conclude this essay it can be seen that women were not fully excluded from the history of sociology, as there were other women who wrote about them and documented their place in society. However at the same time they did not receive the same recognition as males in society did and were not seen to have such a significant role in the history of society. Therefore the claim that women have been excluded from the history of sociology is largely true as their work and input have been much less appreciated and acknowledged in comparison to men of the same time. Jessie Bernard (1972, cited in Roberts et al., 1981) asked not what sociology can do for women, but rather what women can do for sociology. It can be seen that in the sociological field there is a definite bias towards the presence of men in society, both as subjects and as researchers, whilst that which involves women receives much less recognition. After all, the founding fathers of sociology, are the founding fathers and not the founding mothers (Spender, 1981). References: Eisenstein, Z. (1986). The Radical Future of Liberal Feminism. Boston: Notheastern University Press Roberts, H. and Woodward, D. (1981). Changing patterns of womens employment in sociology: 1950-80. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 32, No. 4 (Dec., 1981), pp. 531-546. Blackwell Publishing [Online] available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/590132?seq=1 Spender, D. (1985). For The Record. London: The Womens Press Limited Spender, D. (ed). (1981). Mens studies modified. Oxford: Pergamon Press Limited

Abortion Kills Unwanted Welfare Children :: abortion argumentative persuasive argument

Abortion Kills Unwanted Welfare Children Abortion is one of the most controversial issues around, and is an issue that will never be agreed upon. By bringing morals into the question of whether it should be legal to have abortions, this issue has been elevated to a higher level. By some people, it is no longer looked at as a question of choice but as a question of morality, and these concepts have led to a full-blown debate over something that really should not be questioned. Every women in America has the right to decide what to do with their bodies. No government or group of people should feel that they have the right to dictate to a person what path their lives should take. People who say that they are "pro-life" are in effect no more than "anti-choice". These pro-lifers want to put the life and future of a women into the hands of the government. Abortion, and the choice a women may make, is a very private thing and should not be open to debate. The question of morality should not even come into play when considering abortion, because in this case the question is not of morality but of choice and constitutionality. The ninth amendment states "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." This in turn, is guaranteeing a women the right to have an abortion. Pro-choice people say that abortion is the killing of a child, but pro-choice people do not consider the fetus a child. A philosopher, Mary Anne Warren, proposed that consciousness, reasoning, self-motivated activity, and self awareness are factors that determine 'person-hood'. But, a misconception that held is that people who are pro-choice are actually pro-abortion. Many people that support the right of a women to decide what to do with her own body may be personally against abortions. But, that does not mean that they think the government should be able to pass laws governing what females do with their bodies. Pro-choice people simply believe that it is the right of a women to assess her situation and decide if a baby would be either beneficial or deleterious to her present life.

Classical Managment Essay

Historical Foundations of management have been around for years and were first introduced by Fayol around the turn of the century . This essay will discuss three main points and questions around management, the first question will cover how modern management practices have evolved from the â€Å"classical approaches to management†. The second question will cover the challenges contemporary managers face in 2013 compared to managers in the era of the classical approaches and the third question will be around comparing and contrasting bureaucratic management to a style of management I have been faced with. This discussion will pay particular attention to Frederick Taylor’s scientific approach to management. How Modern Management Practices have evolved from the â€Å"Classical Approaches to Management†? The classical management approaches focus on developing universal principles for use in various management situations. There are 3 three major theories within the classical approaches. Scientific management, administrative principles and Bureaucratic organisations and these theories are still widely used in management today. Modern management approaches focus on the systems view of organisations and contingency thinking in a dynamic and complex environment. The modern management approaches to management grew directly from foundations established by the classical approaches. It has been proven in today’s working world you need to have a mix of the classical approaches and the modern management approaches to succeed in today’s environment. According to McDonalds case study the restaurants operate on classical management theory – there are elements of â€Å"scientific management from a former era (to maintain efficiency), as well as up-to-the minute human relations approaches to maintain the motivation of the â€Å"crew†. . Challenges contemporary mangers face in 2013 compared to mangers in the era of Classical approaches. A contemporary business environment refers to management trends in the 21st century – the year 2000 to now. . Globalisation plays a missive part in the changing challenges for contemporary mangers. Most companies move into international markets and by moving into different international markets there are different rules and regulations that need to be learned when doing business. It was Cited in that it is important for global organisations to employ people from other cultures who understand the customs and traditions of other countries and to deal appropriately with customers. This then brings different beliefs and cultural beliefs into the work place and contemporary mangers need to understand the needs of their employees. In today’s working environment multiculitlism is a growing factor and plays a big part in contemporary mangers needing to adapt to different management styles to help create the rights at work for its people, for example if your religion requires you to pray at certain times of the day, a manger would need to respect these religious beliefs and allow you to do so, back in the time if the classical era this would have not even been considered. It wasn’t until 1920s; an emphasis on the human side in the workplace began to establish its influence on management thinking . It was also cited in people are interacting with others who are different from themselves with biological, political, religious or cultural differences. This causes for the contemporary mangers to learn and adapted to new skills. If we look at the evolution of management practices over a period of time off from the era to now. It has changed dramatically and there are more practices to consider and adapt as a contemporary manger. Referring below outlines the evolution of management practices from the era to now and how much more a contemporary manger needs to consider then a manger in the era had to. Evolution of management practices Period /YearClassical Approaches 1890 Systemic Management 1900Bureaucratic Management 1920Administrative Management 1930Human Relations 1940Behavioural perspective Contemporary Approaches 1940Quantitative Management 1950Organisational Behaviour 1960System Theory 1970Contingency Theory 1990Total Quality Management 1990Learning Organisation 2000Business Reengineering CurrentStrategic Management Diversify in the workplace has also grown from the 1890’s to now. The amount of women workers in the work place has doubled over time; women in particular needs are diifernm It was cited in the journal article that Daft and Samson (2009) argued that rganisations are encountering new challenges to deal with diversity as more women and people from minority backgrounds are entering the workforce in the contemporary business environment PART B (some personal reflections) Scientific Management compared and contrast with current management style of what I have been faced with. Fredrick W. Taylor published the Scientific management emphasises careful selection and training of workers, and supervisory support. It has four guiding action principles: 1. if you check your presentation guidelines on page 7 of the Subject Outline and the extra information provided in Resources folder under Assignment Help in MGT100 Interact site you will see that subheadings are quite appropriate in business assessments. You could set you work out with meaningful headings to help guide the reader through your discussion. For example,  · INTRODUCTION (introducing both parts of the discussion)  · PART A – (optional heading) SUBHEADING 1 SUBHEADING 2 SUBHEADING 3  · PART B – (optional heading) SUBHEADING 4 (e.g. â€Å"some personal reflections . . â€Å")  · CONCLUSION (concluding both parts of the discussion)  · REFERENCES If your writing is very clear then it may not be necessary to include the Part A & B headings. Your primary responsibility is to make sure that your essay is clear and understandable to the reader. The best way to ensure this is to get someone else to read your work (preferably not a business student) before you submit. Question 2: I chose option two for the essay, Historical Foundations to Management. When considering ‘classical approaches to management’ is it suggestible that I mention (or cover) all theories, or just a select few which represent a cross section of the range of classical theories? Or, should I focus on only one or two theories? Suggestion: When in doubt put yourself in the reader’s position. The question asks about ‘classical approaches’, think about what you would want to know if you were reading a response to this question from a position of little or no knowledge of management theory. Also think about how many words you have available. That is, the more theories you include the less adequately they will be explained. It’s up to you to work out the balance between scope and detail. You can get away with most things if you explain to the reader in either the Introduction or very early on what your intended scope is (e.g ‘This discussion will pay particular attention to Fayol’s fourteen principles and Taylor’s four principles of management . . . etc). Then the reader doesn’t get disappointed to find his or her favourite theory has been omitted. This is what I think I would be silently asking myself:  · What is meant by a ‘classical approach’? and by implication . . .  · How is a ‘classical approach’ different to other approaches?  · How is the writer (you) going to make his case that classical approaches are still/not relevant today? Asking these questions would lead you to the sort of answers you are looking for with regard to ‘required theoretical content’:  · You really need to mention at least briefly the three big names of Taylor, Fayol, and Weber  · You really need to give a nod to the other big approaches such as quantitative, HRM, contemporary  · This is your choice and will be determined by personal interest, the sorts of case examples you use and word limits. You need to include enough material to be convincing. You won’t have to look very far with any of those big names to make a case. I imagine you will only have space for about 2 specific theories Carroll, S. J & Gillen D. J. (1984). The Classical Management Functions: Are They Really Outdated? P132-136. doi:10.5465/AMBPP.1984.4978715 Ambang, T, (2009). Challenges of contemporary management in Papua New Guinea, 10(2), p1-16.

Standardized Testing essays

Standardized Testing essays These days classrooms are dominated by standardized test. Politicians implement them and students jam for them. Classes seem to prepare the students for these tests. If you dont pass them then you wont be able to graduate, no matter your GPA. These tests are supposed to do measure your general intelligence after reviewing the curriculum of a class. Many believe (including myself) that the tests dont substancially cover the material or are too easy, but theres worse problems with it than what lies within the test itself. Most of the supports of these forms of test believe that its an easy way to measure a childs intelligence but this isnt true. Different people learn different ways, therefore when you force them into a test based form of learning they wont be able to understand the material and not do as well on the tests as they deserve. Another problem with forcing children into the same kind of learning is that they will all start thinking the same way over time. The types of people who learn the same are the types of people who have the same pattern of thought. As the amount of tests increase we will also increase the amount of people who have the general patter n of thought. When this happens we will live in a society with very little change. We increase technologies, not many kinds of systems will change that but the technologies made will be made to fit the current system we live in. An example would be a police force that has much more advanced technologies than our current system but for years that force has been chasing down and unjustly brutalizing them. The society that has everyone thinking the same will not stop police forces from beating the suspected criminals. We are currently on our way to producing drones to society. If you look at the world created by Gorge Orwell in the book 1984, its a world controlled by tyranny, and a wor ...

How to Conjugate the French Verb Accepter

How to Conjugate the French Verb Accepter The French verb  accepter  means to accept or to take. It is a regular verb, which means that conjugating it to fit a specific subject pronoun is relatively easy. This lesson will show you how to begin forming complete sentences in French with the proper use of  accepter. Conjugating the French Verb  Accepter Just as in English, we need to conjugate French verbs to match the subject pronoun used in the sentence. The pronouns are the I, you, he, she, we, and they in French, its j, tu, il, nous, vous, and ils of a sentence that forms the subject. When we conjugate regular verbs in French, it is often a simple matter of changing the ending of the verb. Luckily,  accepter  ends in -er  and follows the uncomplicated pattern of many other  regular -er verbs.   This chart shows you the conjugations for the word  accepter  in the various tenses and with different subjects.  For instance, to say I accept, you would say jaccepte. Likewise, he  will accept is il acceptera. Subject Present Future Imperfect j accepte accepterai acceptais tu acceptes accepteras acceptais il accepte acceptera acceptait nous acceptons accepterons acceptions vous acceptez accepterez acceptiez ils acceptent accepteront acceptaient The Present Participle of  Accepter The French equivalent to the -ing ending in English is -ant. This is called the  present participle  and for accepter, it is  acceptant.  You can use this in various contexts as an adjective, gerund, noun, or verb. The Past Tense of  Accepter Passà © composà ©Ã‚  is commonly used for the past tense in French. With  accepter, the auxiliary verb  used is  avoir, so you will use a conjugate of that helping verb to express the simple past tense of   accepter. Along with the auxiliary verb, you will also need the  past participle  of accepter.  In this case, it is simply acceptà ©. To bring these elements together, if you wanted to say I accepted, in French, it would be jai acceptà ©. More Conjugations of  Accepter Those are not the only conjugations for  accepter, though you should study them first. Once you have those memorized you can worry about a few special cases. The subjunctive and conditional forms of the verb are used to express mood. Subjunctive mood refers to subjective ideas  or those that are uncertain. Conditional mood refers to something that may or may not happen depending on conditions. Passà © simple and the imperfect subjunctive will be used in formal writing. While not necessary to know, its good to be aware of them. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j accepte accepterais acceptai acceptasse tu acceptes accepterais acceptas acceptasses il accepte accepterait accepta acceptt nous acceptions accepterions acceptmes acceptassions vous acceptiez accepteriez accepttes acceptassiez ils acceptent accepteraient acceptrent acceptassent The imperative form of a verb also expresses mood, but in this case, it is not necessary to use the subject pronoun. In this case, rather than saying tu accepte you can simply say accepte. Imperative (tu) accepte (nous) acceptons (vous) acceptez Similar Verbs to  Accepter Accepter is not the only French verb that means to take. It is used more in the way of accept or tolerate something. Other verbs mean to take something with (amener) or to actually take something (prendre). While you are learning how to use the verb  accepter, you will also want to look at these other French to take verbs. Understanding all of them as a group will help you know when to use which one.

Integrated Marketing Communcations and Customer Satisfaction Strategy Assignment

Integrated Marketing Communcations and Customer Satisfaction Strategy - Assignment Example The advertising strategy of the company will reflect the company’s mission to improve product and service offerings and make these products and services readily available. Advertising is critical for the company to let the general public know about the existence of the company. Customer awareness is a very important element of any advertising campaign (Knoll, 2012). The advertising initiatives of 360UP are going to help the company reach its marketing goals because more potential customers are going to realize of the existence of the firm’s products and services. â€Å"The value of advertising is based primarily on the number of potential customers that it reaches† (Meyer & Hester, 2003). The use of mass marketing campaigns can be effective at increasing the customer reach of the company. 2) Discuss how the effectiveness of the advertising will be measured. An advertising campaign is good if it is effective at accomplishing the company’s goals. 360UP is th e firm that is starting out in the market, thus advertising is critical to the success of the company. The organization will use various methods to determine the effectiveness of its advertising efforts. A simple way to measure how effective advertising has been towards the bottom line of a company is by determining if the sales of the company increased as a consequence of its marketing efforts. Keeping a weekly log of sales and comparing the trend over time is a way to determine if the company has achieved any sales growth after an advertising campaign. Negative sales growth after the implementation of an advertising campaign is an indicator of marketing failure. In order for a company to increase its customer base it must invest in advertising (Hawkins, 2009). There are other specific ways to determine the effectiveness of advertising efforts. The numbers of Facebook or Twitter users that follow the company online are a good metric to measure the effectiveness of online social med ia advertising efforts. If the company uses banner advertising the number of people that click on the banner is a metric that measures the effectiveness of the campaign. 3) Discuss the promotional strategies that may be used in addition to advertising. 360UP is a company that seeks to expand its business beyond the United States into various international markets. The company will need to use communication adaptation in the future to adequately target foreign customers (Kotler, 2003). Promotions are a great way to increase the revenues of the company in the short term. The first step in evaluating the effectiveness of a promotion is to acquire an understanding of why a customer is interested in purchasing a product or service (Taylor, 1965). 360UP must use a wide variety of promotional techniques to acquire and retain customers. Based on Pareto’s 80-20 rule a firm receives 80% of their customers from 20% of their clients (Hafner, 2001). The use of promotional campaigns can he lp increase the customer retention rate of the company. Five promotional campaigns that the firm can use to attract customers are daily specials, Tuesday extravaganza, flyer coupons, family meals, and value menus. The daily special would consist of offering a different meal from the menu each day at a discounted price. The Tuesday extravaganza is an offer in which the company offers all the meals in its menu at half price from 11:00 A.M. to 2:00 P.M. The flyer coupons is a promotion that provides

The Roman Invasion of europe Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Roman Invasion of europe - Research Paper Example The earliest civilization which influenced the development of the West was those of the Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia is the origin of the agricultural revolution that began 10000 years ago with raring of domestic animals such as goats, ships and the plantation of the bread wheat. The Akkadians, Babylonians, Sumerians and Assyrians all thrived in this region (John 43). This lead to the beginning of civilization of the Sumerians and subsequently led to the wide spread of civilization in the coastal region of the Mediterranean Sea. The ancient people of the Mediterranean greatly influenced the beginning of the Western civilization (John 43). The Mediterranean Sea aided easy movement of people by providing reliable shipping routes linking Africa, Asia and Europe. By 3100 BC, the Egyptians were employing sails on the Nile River and the succeeding technology, together with astrological knowledge on wind and stars allowed naval powers such as Greeks, Phoenicians and Romans to navigate long dist ance and control large areas by commanding the sea. This gave rise to great capitals such as Roma Empire, Athens and Jerusalem (John 44). The earliest urban civilization of Europe belong to the Bronze Age Mycenaean Greece and Minoans of Crete, which ended around 11th century BC upon the beginning of the Greek dark Ages. The Minoans were heavily influenced by the Mesopotamia and Egypt civilization.

Annotated Bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Annotated Bibliography - Assignment Example In this journal, the writer argues that there is no single organization that can perform better without a proper functioning department of human resource management; therefore it is important that the human resource managers cooperate. Elwood F. Holton II, James W. Trott, Jr. (1996). "Trends Toward a Closer Integration of Vocational Education and Human Resources Development", Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, Vol. 12, No. 2, p7. In this text, the writer describes the matter of human resource development in detain and explains all the issues involved for its success, as well as describing its importance to an organization as a whole. In this journal, we find that the writer describes human resource development in detail and then goes ahead to explain how it supports the sharing of knowledge in an organization, as well as the workforce. This journal discusses the issue of integrated managerial training in detail, and explains how it greatly helps or even how it is strategic for the development of management in an organization or company. In this book, the writers try to give the readers a clear understanding of the importance of human resources and its performance, and then describe the benefits that an organization can get from a well structured department of human resources. In this book, the writers try to describe in detail how a typical department of human resources should look like and goes ahead to explain the different components of the department and its leadership. The writer, in this article explains what a human resource management is and discusses the international human resource management comprehensively, which include integrating people, process and context. Budhwar, P. S., Schuler R. S. and Sparrow P.R. (eds.) (2009).   Major works in international human resource management.   Volumes

How groups can influence people Essay Example for Free

How groups can influence people Essay In this essay, I am going to describe how groups can influence people in a positive and in a negative ways. I will be using evidence drawn from Chapter 5 of the study text ‘’Starting with psychology’’ Spoors et al (2011). It is in a human nature to be a part of a social group. Belonging to a group, such as family, clubs, sport teams or group of friends, give us support, it make us feel good about ourselves, give us a sense of social identity. It brings meaning to our life, it make us feel like we belong. However, being a part of a group can also have a negative effect. Group pressure can cause us to behave in a way that we will not normally do. To support my argument I will use as an example evidence from Kondo’s story and as well Zimbardo and Asch experiments (Spoors et al 2011). In our lifetime, we belong to many different social groups. Our social identity is based on the group we belong to, we enhance the status of our group in order to increase our self-image. We divide the world into people like ‘us’, who belong to our group, called the in-group, and those one who are different ‘them’, the out-group (Spoors et al 2011). Two psychologists Henri Tajfel and John Turner developed that theory. The theory argues that there are three mental processes involved in evaluating others as ‘them’ and us’ the first one is a social categorisation. We categorize other people and ourselves in order to understand and identify them. The second process is a social identification. When we know which group we belong to, we start behaving by the norms of our group. The last process is social comparison. After we categorize ourselves with a group, we start to compare our group with other groups. To maintain our self-esteem we will compare our group favourably with other groups. An experiment carried out by Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues (1971) Spoors et al (2011) provides evidence how people behaviour can change w hen they become a part of a group. They choose randomly a group of male participants and divide them into ‘guards’ and ‘prisoners’ and then located them in a simulated prison. After six days, the experiment had to be stopped, as the ‘guards’ became brutal and abusive towards ‘prisoners’, and the ‘prisoners’ begun suffering from emotional disturbance. This experiment shows how the previous perceptions that the participants have of the role of a prison  guards and prisoners, that probably came from watching films and television programs, influenced them to behave in a negative way. Another example of how groups can influence our behaviour is experiment carried out by Solomon Asch (Spoors et al 2011). He asked fifty participants to look at the picture of a straight line, and then showed them another picture with a three more lines of different lengths. Then he asked the participants to identify out loud the line that is the same length as the original one . Surprisingly 75 per cent of the group give a wrong answer, which was a result of a group pressure. People have the need for conformity that is why they go along with the norms of the groups. They want to be accepted as an in-group person. Conforming to group norms is sending a message to the other members of the group that I am not a thread, I am same like you, and I am following our rules. Asche’s experiment showed that the need for conformity pressured participants to give a wrong answer to a question; they just simply followed the rest of the group. An example of how group can influence us on a positive way is Kondo’s story in Spoors et al (2011). Dorinne Kondo is a Japanese American, raised in the USA. She went to Japan to do an anthropological research. She stays there for 26 months, a few months she stays with a Japanese family to learn how proper Japanese women supposed to behave and present herself. At the same time, she was acting as a scientific observer. That is a method of research called participant-observation, where the researcher is both an observer and a participant (Spoors et al 2011). The first few months in Japan were very stressful for Knodo; she did not understand the etiquette and traditions that are part of their everyday life. Every time she made a mistake, people trait her like she was retarded or insane. They were confused, as she looked like a Japanese women but she did not act in a Japanese manner. During her visit in Japan, her guarantor introduced her to Mrs Sakamoto who invited her to stay with her family for summer. It was a great opportunity for Kondo to learn about the traditions. During her visit she was trying to conform to their way of life, she wanted to feel their acceptance, so she start learning about her Japanese roots and proper etiquette, she took a part in a tea ceremony class. At the end of her visit in Japan, she was pleased with herself and all she have learned during her visit. She did not struggle any more to fit in both cultures, the approval of Sakamoto’s family had a good influence on her, it makes her feel  like she belong to their world. Kondo’s story demonstrates that in our lifetime ‘’we have multiple social identities, which continue to evolve as we grow older or when we move into new situations’’ Spoors et al (2011). In those few examples, I was exploring how groups can influence people in a positive and negative ways. Positively, by providing us a sense of belonging to the social world and bringing meaning to our life, as shown on an example of Kondo’s story, and negatively by pressuring us to conform and act out of character, what confirm an Zimbardo’s and Asche’s experiments.

Restaurant Quality and Why Its a Never Ending Technique Essay examples

Quality area unit some things that is exhausting to stipulate as a results of if you raise ten people they will give you ten altogether completely different answers. this text area unit that specialize in why quality is so important among the edifice business. restaurants got to perceive that the quality of their product and repair unit of measurement being evaluated daily by every shopper. every shopper evaluates the quality of the merchandise service on each and every visit. thus you will be able to exclusively deliver the products the foremost effective quality accomplish able if you target it all the time. the aim of this text is to look at what quality is among the Sports Bar Promotions edifice business and why rising the quality may be a endless technique. As I declared earlier quality is improbably exhausting to stipulate as a results of all contains a completely completely different definition or scan of what the quality of the merchandise or service got to be. Take the recent chestnut beauty is among the attention of the person and substitute quality for beauty. The definition of quality among the edifice is completely completely different for each guest and changes on every visit. every edifice wishes to satisfy or exceed the guest standards on every visit but that is nearly inconceivable. Why is merely simply ask? it's as a results of the guest standards unit of measurement frequently dynamic. that is one all told the reasons why it is a never ending technique to spice up quality. As we tend to attempt to boost the quality of the merchandise by raising standards and implementing new policies our customers perceive this and their perceptions of quality in addition rise. this could be why it is not attainable to be sensi... ...ice that they are expecting but every guest are yearning for some type of experience. Quality is either successful or a miss with every guest and it's everyone's job among the edifice to form positive a guest contains a pleasant experience. that is why quality may be a never ending technique. there is frequently another guest that has never been to the edifice and he might would love one factor whole altogether completely different then sequent person. rather like quality may be a ne'er ending technique so is work and selection of staff. By building a staff that has learned that sensible is not adequate you'll be able to manufacture a culture of constant improvement which can cause success. The edifice business is improbably intense and there is such plenty competition in every sector of the business and perceived quality from the guest eyes determines who succeeds.

Free Things They Carried Essays: Women in Vietnam :: Things They Carried Essays

The Things They Carried: Women in Vietnam In the book The Things They Carried, by Tim O'Brien gender stereotypes of women who fought in the Vietnam War are represented through some of the short stories. One short story in particular is "Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong" which describes a woman who participated in the Vietnam War and went beyond some of her gender roles that were placed on her. In this war women had certain roles they had to fulfill with many of them being non-traditional ones. This paper will discuss the concept of Cultural Studies in literature about the Vietnam War. Women in the Vietnam War had numerous roles they had to fulfill both physically and mentally. For example in the story "Sweetheart of the song Tra Bong" the character Mary Anne is flown down by her boyfriend to Vietnam. She is dressed in "White culottes and a sexy pink sweater" which is very traditional for a woman (O'Brien 90). Right of the bat the men were attracted to her and was especially liked when she wore her cut-off blue jeans and a swimsuit top that was black (95). In this instance she was representing a traditional feminine role in her dress and her actions. Traditionally women the war were nurses, Women worked for the Red Cross or worked in other types of medical facility. Also you found women who were on the Clerical staff and who were Support Personnel. Only on a few occasions did you find a woman who actually fought in the war. Two women from another source stated that "Women served alongside men in that sink-pit of War." Some roles women had were non-traditional. In the same story that was represented in the preceding paragraph Mary Anne show some of her own non-traditional roles. She becomes very fond of military paraphernalia and even blackens her face with charcoal and carries around an M-16 (102). Her hygiene also becomes second hand. "No cosmetics, no fingernail filling. She stopped wearing jewelry, cut her hair short and wrapped it in a green bandana"(98). Here she is taking on masculine features and her feminine ways are forgotten. Mary Anne also starts staying out late, and once even does not come in until the next day. Some nights the men would go out and look for her, and her boyfriend even accuses her of sleeping with other men, because of her awkward ways. Free Things They Carried Essays: Women in Vietnam :: Things They Carried Essays The Things They Carried: Women in Vietnam In the book The Things They Carried, by Tim O'Brien gender stereotypes of women who fought in the Vietnam War are represented through some of the short stories. One short story in particular is "Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong" which describes a woman who participated in the Vietnam War and went beyond some of her gender roles that were placed on her. In this war women had certain roles they had to fulfill with many of them being non-traditional ones. This paper will discuss the concept of Cultural Studies in literature about the Vietnam War. Women in the Vietnam War had numerous roles they had to fulfill both physically and mentally. For example in the story "Sweetheart of the song Tra Bong" the character Mary Anne is flown down by her boyfriend to Vietnam. She is dressed in "White culottes and a sexy pink sweater" which is very traditional for a woman (O'Brien 90). Right of the bat the men were attracted to her and was especially liked when she wore her cut-off blue jeans and a swimsuit top that was black (95). In this instance she was representing a traditional feminine role in her dress and her actions. Traditionally women the war were nurses, Women worked for the Red Cross or worked in other types of medical facility. Also you found women who were on the Clerical staff and who were Support Personnel. Only on a few occasions did you find a woman who actually fought in the war. Two women from another source stated that "Women served alongside men in that sink-pit of War." Some roles women had were non-traditional. In the same story that was represented in the preceding paragraph Mary Anne show some of her own non-traditional roles. She becomes very fond of military paraphernalia and even blackens her face with charcoal and carries around an M-16 (102). Her hygiene also becomes second hand. "No cosmetics, no fingernail filling. She stopped wearing jewelry, cut her hair short and wrapped it in a green bandana"(98). Here she is taking on masculine features and her feminine ways are forgotten. Mary Anne also starts staying out late, and once even does not come in until the next day. Some nights the men would go out and look for her, and her boyfriend even accuses her of sleeping with other men, because of her awkward ways.

What Is a Linear Programming Problem

Linear Programming is a mathematical technique useful for allocation of scarce or limited resources to several competing activities on the basis of given criterion of optimality. The usefulness of linear programming as a tool for optimal decision-making on resource allocation, is based on its applicability to many diversified decision problems. The effective use and application requires, as on its applicability to many diversified decision problems. The effective use and application requires, as a first step, the mathematical formulation of an LP model, when the problem is presented in words.Steps of linear programming model formulation are summarized as follows : STEP 1 : Identify the Decision Variables a) Express each constraint in words. For this you should first see whether the constraint is of the form >/ (at least as large as), of the form < (no larger than) or of the form = (exactly equal to) b) You should then verbally express the objective function c) Steps (a) and (b) should then allow you to verbally identify the decision variablesIf there are several decision alternatives available , then in order to identify the decision variables you need to ask yourself the question – what decisions must be made in order to optimize the objective function ? Having accomplished step 1(a) through (c) decide the symbolic notation for the decision variables and specify units of measurement. Such specification of units of measurement would help in interpreting the final solution of the LP problem . STEP 2 : Identify the Problem Data For solving a problem, we need to identify the problem data so as to provide the actual values for the decision variables. For this,†¦

Macbeth Essays (757 words) - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays

Macbeth Essays (757 words) - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays Dunn English IV 11/6/15 There have been many heroes though time, but not all of them tragic. William Shakespeares story of Macbeth, being about a war hero whom receives titles from his feats. Macbeths role is a tragic hero corrupt by greed, and his misfortune only grows. Macbeth is visited by three witches who come to him and give him prophetic-like news. They tell him he will become Thane of Cawdor and King. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, however, are not content with his new title of Thane, and plot to kill Duncan (the current king). However situations go a bit amiss. In the plans to ensure their own success, continue murdering, they dig themselves into a whole they wont be able to get out of. When Macbeth hears his destiny from the three witches he is still a noble man. Its when he is the rewarded the title that he is now Thane of Cawdor, that he becomes a tragic hero and is blinded by dark ambition. He and Lady Macbeth decide to kill Duncan, He is about it: the doors are open; and the surfeited grooms do mock their charge with snores: I have druggd their possets, that death and nature do contend about them, whether they live or die.(Shakespeare 50) The deed is to be done; Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are ready to place the blame of Duncans murder on his own guards. However at this point Macbeth is wavering and begins to feel the guilt of what he is done. As he expresses, I am afraid to think what I have done; look ont again I dare not.(Shakespeare 55) Macbeth is currently unable to face the weight of what he has done. Yet, his guilt begins to fade, as he grasps for what he wants. As Macbeth shouldve intended his ambitious plans go awry, even if at first the murder circumstances go his way. People begin to talk of Macbeth becoming king, Thriftless ambition, that wilt ravin up thine own lifes means! Then tis most like the sovereignty will fall upon Macbeth.(Shakespeare 73) Since Duncans sons fled theyve been blamed, and Macbeth will be the one to gain the throne. However Banquo begins to suspect Macbeth, Thou hast it how: king, Cawdor, Glamis, all, as the weird women promised, and, I fear, thou playdst most foully fort.(Shakespeare 77) Banquo, having been present when the witches visited Macbeth, now suspects Macbeths sudden good fortune. Now Macbeth will only grow desperate. Macbeth makes the choice to continue murdering so that he may ensure what he has worked, and killed for. So he comes to the conclusion that he must kill Banquo, For certain friends that are both his and mine, whose loves I may not drop, but wail his fall who I myself struck down; and thence it is, that I to your assistance do make love, masking the business from the common eye for sundry weighty reasons.(Shakespeare 85) Macbeth wishes to do away without losing the people close to him if they learn the identity of the murderer(s). Macbeths mind has been made, It is concluded. Banquo, thy souls flight, if it find heaven, must find it out to-night.(Shakespeare 87) Macbeth feels he will finally be free of Banquo. However Macbeths decision to continue murdering was all in vain. Macbeth sent murderers to kill Banquo so the one person suspicious of his action would be dead. However Banquos son, Fleance escapes. As the murderers discover, Theres but one down; the son has fled.(Shakespeare 95) Making Fleance someone who now knows of Macbeths actions and may expose Macbeth. However in the end, during battle, Macbeth meets his end to Macduff. As said, Hail, king! For so thou art: behold, where stands the usurpers cursed head: the time is free.(Shakespeare 192) Macduff has no freed everyone of Macbeth and his rule as king. In route of their own dark Macbeth and Lady Macbeth dig themselves into a whole they wont be able to get out of. However Macbeth beginning was as a noble man. A hero, in fact, but all of that was gone when he lost sight of which he was though greed. In his greed to become king he killed many, including his best

Women in the Enlightenment Essays

Women in the Enlightenment Essays Women in the Enlightenment Paper Women in the Enlightenment Paper Documents of the Enlightenment century indicate, and subsequent studies confirm, that with the possible exception of the present century women have never been so influential and prolific as they were in the Age of Enlightenment. Recently, a new generation of historians and literary scholars women in particular has greatly enhanced our understanding and appreciation of eighteenth century women. The purpose of this work is to include in a single paper a view of womens political, social, cultural, literary, artistic, and scientific accomplishments in the Enlightenment. Further this work compares views of women at the time of the Enlightenment from times previous to the Enlightenment till those held today. Opening Statement, Assumption or Hypothesis Telling the story of women in the Enlightenment poses many methodological and conceptual challenges. The fundamental difficulty, of course, lies in the category ‘women’ itself. How can one write about ‘women’ when the term embraces more than half of the population and is made up of individuals from many different walks of life? Further, we are affected at the level of belief systems which may cause us to interpret womens behavior differently from mens. Additionally, our own behavioral choices may also be influenced by social expectations regarding what is appropriate to our sex. Thus, social life is very different for men and women. As a result, the paper investigates women in the Enlightenment roles with the belief that women can offer something unique at the time of the Enlightenment. Discussion of Findings The eighteenth century was in many respects a good time to be a woman- at least for a female elite. As the Goncourt brothers suggested in a classic work, never before, perhaps, had women appeared to be so powerful or so sexually liberated (Gilmour 21). At Court and in the world of the Parisian salons, brilliant society women wielded immense influence in their aristocratic and upper-class milieu. Royal mistresses such as Mme de Pompadour and Mme du Barry, or society hostesses such as the wealthy Mme du Deffand or the scandalous Mme du Tencin, mother of the philosophe d’Alembert, were only the most obvious examples: and to these could be added independent women who succeeded in earning their own living as writers, like the Marquise de Chatelet, the translator of Newton’s Principia and friend of Voltaire, or as artists, like the painter Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrun. Just as men were known (if not expected) to indulge in extra-marital affairs, so too in polite society female sexual infidelity was tolerated, provided it was not flaunted and the honor of a husband not impaired. The French aristocracy undoubtedly practiced birth control, which was the main reason that the birth rate in the families of the nobility fell from 6. 5 in the seventeenth century to 2 in the eighteenth century, and this in turn could only have diminished women’s fears of the dangers of childbirth, as well as of male sexual aggression. In practice, if not in theory, the double standard of morality no longer applied to many women of the upper classes. Yet, as the Goncourts also recognized, women simultaneously appeared in another and less flattering light in the period. Anti-woman prejudice remained strong in the eighteenth century, and in many ways the unconventional behavior of women of the elite succeeded only in making it stronger. The birth of a female child was not necessarily greeted as good news in eighteenth-century family. This inference of sexual equality was far from universally drawn, even from mainstream theories of the mind. Humans might be born mentally equal but this was consistent with environmental circumstances affecting in relevant ways a persons intellectual and moral development. In the case of women a combination of social and biological circumstances was cited that legitimated differences of treatment. Talleyrand, in his Report on Public Instruction of 1791, admits that at first sight it seems anomalous that half the human race is excluded from all participation in government by the other half and that they are, in effect, treated as foreigners by the law under which they were born and have grown up (Fitzpatrick 30). Nevertheless, the exclusion of women is for the good of the whole, permitting them to pursue their natural destinies as mothers, away from the distracting tumult of public affairs that would endanger their delicate constitutions. The conservation of society has indicated this natural division of powers. Consequently the education of women should be directed to these responsibilities, not at denaturing their faculties. It is best conducted in the asylum of the paternal home to accustom women to a retired and calm life (Talleyrand 1791:168-71). This form of argument could appeal even to liberals and radicals, since it did not deny women their intellectual equality but justified differential education on natural and functional grounds.

Honey Badger Facts (Mellivora capensis)

Honey Badger Facts (Mellivora capensis) Both the common and scientific names for the honey badger (Mellivora capensis) refer to the animals love of honey. However, its not actually a badger. Honey badgers are more closely related to weasels. The other common name for the honey badger is the ratel, which refers to the rattling sound the creature makes when its agitated. Fast Facts: Honey Badger Scientific Name: Mellivora capensisCommon Names: Honey badger, ratelBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 22-30 inches plus a 4-12 inch tailWeight: 11-35 poundsLifespan: 24 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Africa, southwestern Asia, IndiaPopulation: DecreasingConservation Status: Least Concern Description A honey badger has a long, thick-set body, flat head, short legs, and short muzzle. The body is well-adapted to fighting, with small eyes, small ear ridges, clawed feet, and irregular teeth. Honey badgers have a special anal gland that ejects a strong-smelling liquid used to mark territory, deter predators, and possibly calm bees. Most honey badgers are black with a white band running from the top of the head to the base of the tail. However, one subspecies is completely black. Honey badgers are the largest weasels (mustelids) in Africa. They average 22 to 30 inches in length with 4 to 12 inch tails. Females are smaller than males. Males weigh between 20 and 35 pounds, while females weigh from 11 to 22 pounds. Habitat and Distribution The honey badgers range includes sub-Saharan Africa, western Asia, and India. It occurs from the tip of South Africa to southern Algeria and Morocco, Iran, Arabia, Asia to Turkmenistan, and India. Honey badgers are adapted to habitats ranging from sea level into the mountains. They prefer deciduous forests and grasslands. Honey badger distribution. Craig Pemberton, Creative Commons License Diet Like other members of the weasel family, honey badgers are primarily carnivores. They are solitary hunters, except during the breeding season, when they may hunt in pairs. Usually, honey badgers forage during the day, but they will hunt at night near human habitation. While they favor honey, the hunt insects, frogs, birds and their eggs, small mammals, and small reptiles. They also eat carrion, fruits, and vegetables. Behavior Honey badgers have few natural predators. Their size, strength, and ferocity drive away much larger predators, including lions and leopards. Their skin is largely impenetrable to teeth, stingers, and quills. Its loose enough to allow the animal to twist around and bite its attacker if caught. Honey badgers are also extremely intelligent. They have been observed using tools to escape traps and access prey. Reproduction and Offspring Very little is known about honey badger reproduction. They typically breed in May and give birth to two cubs after about six months gestation. The cubs are born blind in the honey badgers burrow. Both males and females dig burrows using their powerful front claws, although the animals sometime take dens made by warthogs or aardvarks. The honey badgers lifespan in the wild is unknown. In captivity, they have been known to live 24 years. Honey badger carrying her pup. Derek Keats, Creative Commons License Conservation Status The IUCN classifies the honey badgers conservation status as least concern, but the animals are rare throughout their range and the population size is decreasing. Honey badgers are protected throughout portions of their range, but have gone extinct in other areas from poisoning programs. Threats Humans pose the most significant threat to honey badgers. They are hunted for bushmeat and used in traditional medicine, but most animals are killed by apiculturists and livestock farmers. They are also killed by control programs intended to target other species. A 2002 study found bee hive damage may be eliminated simply by placing hives a meter off the ground, potentially reducing the conflict with apiculturists. Honey Badgers and Humans Honey badgers are not aggressive unless provoked, but there have been cases of attacks on children. There are documented cases of honey badgers digging up and feeding upon human corpses. The animals are reservoirs of some diseases that can affect people, including rabies. Sources Do Linh San, E., Begg, C., Begg, K. Abramov, A.V. Mellivora capensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN: e.T41629A4521010. 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41629A45210107.enGray, J.E. Revision of the genera and species of Mustelidae contained in the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 100–154, 1865. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1865.tb02315.xKingdon, Jonathan. East African mammals, Volume 3 : An Atlas of Evolution in Africa. University of Chicago Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-226-43721-7.Vanderhaar, Jane M.; Hwang, Yeen Ten. Mellivora capensis. Mammalian Species (721): 1–8, 2003.Wozencraft, W.C. Order Carnivora. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 612, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.

Website evaluation- gizmodo.com vs. engadget.com Essay

Website evaluation- gizmodo.com vs. engadget.com - Essay Example Today, there are many technology blogs in operations, with each one of them trying to meet the needs of its audience. Gizmodo.com and engadget.com are some of the technology blogs that people use to learn of any valuable technological news for their consumptions. After a close evaluation of the two websites, it is evident that both of them show some similarity, as well some differences in terms of quality of design, information, and ease of navigation. Quality of design is an important parameter that evaluators can use to compare two or more websites. When one looks at the two websites, gizmodo.com seems to lack a consistent theme. However, engadget.com has a consistent them in all its pages. The two websites also excels in their usage of pictures. Rather than provide picture that distract the attention of readers, gizmodo.com and engadget.com have photos that blend in with the associated stories. Looking at the two websites, it is clear to notice that engadget.com has a collection of pictures with caption forming the top focal point of the website. This is what must people look at and choose what story they would like to read. On the other hand, the focal point of gizmodo.com is one picture that carries a picture of an article among the top stories of the day. This article keeps cycling to allow other article to be seen by readers. With pictures, the two website have sufficient contrast between text and background making them vis ible to readers. The designers of the websites put the eligibility of all captions into focus when designing the websites. The two websites also stand out on their use of text. With many items having significant length of articles, both websites have their articles segmented paragraphs that users can read with ease. Most important, both websites have their heading places at appropriate positions making their pages consistent with one another. Apart from quality of information, both sites provide various technology blogs and weblogs targeted to technology enthusiasts. After inspecting the websites, one can to identify with the audience based on the content provided. Both sites provide technology related content. Moreover, both gizmodo.com and endgadget.com aim at delivering new and technology related information to its users. With technology being a dynamic and exciting field full of innovation, the websites reason for existence is to disseminate this information to users with variou s interests in technology items. Being that the website's purposes it to disseminate technology news and other latest technology; both websites seemed to be well updated. For instance, both websites carried different stories posted at the same date this review was written. Nonetheless, engadget.com seems to have more information that gizmodo.com. This is because engadget.com has improved weblogs, as well as podcast. These features are not available in gizmodo.com despite its resourcefulness in technology news. After reading the websites, my interest is to experience actual use of these technologies. Surprisingly, none of the two had any errors. Instead, most of all the articles read through displayed a high sense of clarity and grammatical correctness. These attributes are desire of any blog or web blog in order to boost readily and at the same time increase the credibility of the website as a reliable source of information about latest technological development. A well-designed web site provides users with easy navigation as they explore the websites in question. Comparing the two websites, both websites provide users

Communication Disorders Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication Disorders - Assignment Example So you need to adopt various skills and have knowledge about your profession and the tact of dealing efficiently. There is the need to improve upon the teaching practices by CART providers. It has been seen that most of the services are provided for graduate as well as under graduate levels. Professionals in this area need to cater various informal areas too. The association between student ands professionals should be made strong to gain better outputs. There should be more access for deaf and HH to lab settings etc. "while students can get support for classroom lectures, they find less possibility of access to study groups, lab settings, and other forms of information exchange outside the classroom." It is high time to treat graduates and under graduate students differently considering their level of experience and knowledge. Support for the growth in their careers rather than providing simple academic knowledge will be catered in future as well. More deaf and HH students will be encouraged towards opting different fields as careers as biomedical sciences, researching, vocational courses etc. It can be done by arranging an inventory of role models and speakers as well as deaf or HH scientists to share their scientific pursuits, training history etc. to encourage them. Various colleges offer the courses for learning and improving upon the knowledge imparting skills to deaf and HH people or students as STSN- Speech to Text Services Network, National Verbatim Reporters Association (NVRA), PepNet etc. So, the above mentioned improvements need to be catered upon in future for the benefit and growth of deaf and HH people. Sources: 1. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. 21 OCT, 2002. 2. Classroom Text Delivery Methods for the Deaf & Hard-of-Hearing.