Conflict in the Screwtape Letters by C.S. Lewis Essay example -- essay

Action and reaction are the very threads that make up the fabric of our universe, conflicting forces that wage war against each other in hopes of gaining the upper hand and overcoming the other. Virtue versus desire, faith versus logic, tradition versus change, light versus darkness, (Republicans versus Democrats,) and good versus evil-all opposing facets of their respective fields that switch off control in a never-ending dance of push and pull. We witness one of these never-ending dances first hand in C.S. Lewis' novel, The Screwtape Letters, as a high-ranked demon named Screwtape advises his naà ¯ve and inexperienced nephew on the best methods to use in corrupting his assigned ?Patient? and preventing the ?Enemy? from gaining the ?Patient? for himself. But though it may come from the evil perspective of an expert demon, the piece is really a reflection of the internal struggle in humans between good and evil, Lord and Satan, on a small, subtle, and discreet level. The conflict portrayed in this novel addresses the everyday sins and mindsets that more often than not lead to the downfall of a seemingly good and righteous person (unlike the focus on absolute evils such as outright dishonesty and murder common in other works on morality). The main character?s struggle plays out this idea that it is the little things a person does that have the biggest impact in his or her life, an idea that can be applied not only to the salvation of our spiritual immortality, but also to the value of our mortal lives as well. We learn from Screwtape?s many letters of advice to his nephew Wormwood (thirty-one letters to be exact) the many strategies that evil spirits and demons employ in order to secure human spiritual morality. Contrary... ...dentify our mistakes and learn from them in order for us to reap any benefit from those mistakes, unfortunately for us it is the small mistakes that are the most dangerous and the hardest to identify and correct. Lucky for us, Screwtape didn?t do a very good job of hiding his letters to his nephew because it means less work for us and more trouble for all demon-kind. ?It does not matter how small the sins are provided that their cumulative effect is to edge the man away from the Light and out into the Nothing. Murder is no better than cards if cards can do the trick. Indeed the safest road to Hell is the gradual one?the gentle slope, soft underfoot, without sudden turnings, without milestones, without signposts,? Your affectionate uncle Screwtape (Lewis 60-61). Cited Sources ?Lewis, Clive S. The Screwtape Letters. San Francisco: HarperCollins, Inc., 2001.

The Fenian Movement :: Essays Papers

The Fenian Movement One has seen numerous times throughout history the dissatisfaction of the people with their government towards their laws, economy, and politics. These people want to make a change in their society, consequently leading them to take action against their government. These actions not necessarily involve the use of force, but the leaders of the Fenian Movement that started in 1848 believed that they needed to apply force to unite themselves to take action against the British government regarding the struggle of the Irish people, separate from them, and become a republic. These groups of leaders were known as the Young Ireland. The leaders of the Young Ireland Uprising in 1848 were led by John O’Mahony and James Stephens. Both of these men were seen to the British authorities as criminals and they had to escape from punishment and fled to Paris. In 1853, John O’Mahony came to America were he tried to gain the support of the people who had left Ireland during the Grea t Famine for another uprising. However, James Stephens returned to Ireland in 1856, moving from place to place to see the reactions of the people of the situations that were occurring at the moment. As a result, in Dublin in March of 1858, he formed a secret society that became known as the Irish Republican Brotherhood. But at the same time, John O’Mahony became the leader of a similar group in America called the Fenian Brotherhood. The name of this group comes from the warriors who followed the legendary Irish hero, Finn Mc Cumhail (Fin Mc Cool). The main goal of both of these groups was to achieve Irish independence from British rule by force, meaning, they wanted Ireland as a republic. The Fenian Movement quickly attracted thousands of young supporters, both from Ireland and America. This movement particularly attracted artisans and shop assistants, rather than to the agrarian population. The Fenian Movement was not a success, but their leaders restored the morale i n the people at a time when the situation in their country was deplorable. However, the most important characteristic that this movement generated among Irish people was the sense of nationalism that united them all in one. There were several reasons related to the struggle of the Irish people that led the Fenian Movement leaders take action against the British government. The Fenian Movement :: Essays Papers The Fenian Movement One has seen numerous times throughout history the dissatisfaction of the people with their government towards their laws, economy, and politics. These people want to make a change in their society, consequently leading them to take action against their government. These actions not necessarily involve the use of force, but the leaders of the Fenian Movement that started in 1848 believed that they needed to apply force to unite themselves to take action against the British government regarding the struggle of the Irish people, separate from them, and become a republic. These groups of leaders were known as the Young Ireland. The leaders of the Young Ireland Uprising in 1848 were led by John O’Mahony and James Stephens. Both of these men were seen to the British authorities as criminals and they had to escape from punishment and fled to Paris. In 1853, John O’Mahony came to America were he tried to gain the support of the people who had left Ireland during the Grea t Famine for another uprising. However, James Stephens returned to Ireland in 1856, moving from place to place to see the reactions of the people of the situations that were occurring at the moment. As a result, in Dublin in March of 1858, he formed a secret society that became known as the Irish Republican Brotherhood. But at the same time, John O’Mahony became the leader of a similar group in America called the Fenian Brotherhood. The name of this group comes from the warriors who followed the legendary Irish hero, Finn Mc Cumhail (Fin Mc Cool). The main goal of both of these groups was to achieve Irish independence from British rule by force, meaning, they wanted Ireland as a republic. The Fenian Movement quickly attracted thousands of young supporters, both from Ireland and America. This movement particularly attracted artisans and shop assistants, rather than to the agrarian population. The Fenian Movement was not a success, but their leaders restored the morale i n the people at a time when the situation in their country was deplorable. However, the most important characteristic that this movement generated among Irish people was the sense of nationalism that united them all in one. There were several reasons related to the struggle of the Irish people that led the Fenian Movement leaders take action against the British government.

Ap Language Review Essay

Chapter 1 Review Questions 1. What is invention in rhetoric? Invention in rhetoric is the process of coming up with ideas for speaking or writing. It has three appeals, ethos, logos, and pathos. 2. What is ethos? Ethos is an appeal based on the character of the speaker or writer. 3. What is logos? Logos consists of the content of the argument. It also appeals to the intellect. 4. What is pathos? Pathos appeals to the emotions of the audience. 5. How does ethos, logos, and pathos work together to persuade an audience? All three come together to persuade and audience because they appeal to the heart and the mind. People don’t make decisions with just one or the other, so this creates maximum persuasive effect. These proofs are tools for analyzing and creating effective arguments. 6. What is syllogism? Syllogism is a chain of reasoning moving from general, universal principles to specific instances. 7. What is an enthymeme? An enthymeme is a shortened syllogism. It serves the purpose of a more practical and beneficial way to argue. 8. How do you derive an enthymeme from a syllogism? To derive an enthymeme from a syllogism is to take out the universal principal and create a more practical argument. It’s basically to summarize the syllogism to the key point. 9. Why is an enthymeme more useful than a syllogism in analyzing and  constructing an argument? An enthymeme is more useful than a syllogism in analyzing and constructing arguments because an enthymeme is used in real-world argumentation. Whereas, a syllogism is used primarily in a logic course. Enthymemes, being a shortened version of a syllogism, uses an unstated principal that you can understand without it being said. Later in the argument you can address the unstated principal to support your enthymeme. 10. What is an arrangement, and why is it important in analyzing and constructing arguments? An arrangement is the order of how you present your ideas. It is important in analyzing and constructing arguments because you can’t just speak/write about something without knowing what you’re going to say. The arrangement collects your ideas and lets you put it in order. It allows you to form the best possible argument. 11. What is style? Style is choosing how to express your ideas. Contributes to the writer’s content, message, or emotional appeal. 12. What effect does style have in communicating an argument to an audience? The way the writer communicates is through their style. It appeals to the audiences emotions, it can make the message more artistic and memorable. 1. Invention in rhetoric is the process of coming up with ideas for speaking and writing, kinda like brainstorming. 2. Ethos is one of the three appeals. It is based on the character or credibility of the speaker and or writer. It’s all about making the audience trust and believe in you in a sense. You want them to feel connected to you, that they have your trust and understanding. 3. Logos is another one of the three appeals. This appeal is the content of the written or spoken message. In this appeal it’s all about reducing the problem ethically. Making the problems that they have more understandable and more logical. 4. Pathos is the last of the three appeals. Pathos is the emotional appeal to the audience by the speaker and or writer. Speakers know that people will follow their hearts more than there mind so they try to connect with them on an emotional level. Trying to  speak with passion, and emotion so people can feel the pain and understand. 5. The three proofs work together in a balance to help persuade an audience, because people use their hearts and their minds when making decisions. So when all the appeals are used together in a balance it creates a very effective argument. 6. Syllogism is a chain of reasoning. Moving from general, common principles to specific events. It’s about responding to minor things, then addressing more major premises. 7. An enthymemes is a shortened syllogism. It’s a more practical way to argue. Enthymemes are taking the common known facts out of an argument, but an argument could crumble if the audience doesn’t know or understand the fact you took out of your argument. 8. You make an enthymeme from a syllogism by taking out the universal principle. Like: Fish have gills. A tuna has gills. In conclusion a tuna is a fish. It’s a common thing to know that fish have gills, so you could leave that out of an argument when stating that a tuna is a fish. 9. An enthymeme is more useful and practical in analyzing and constructing an argument because when you analyze an argument you often look for the unstated principle that supports the enthymemes. So when constructing an argument you need to grasp the audience and make sure they have acceptance of the unstated principle. 10. Arrangement is when you know what you are going to say but you need to figure out what order you are going to put it in. It is important in analyzing and arranging arguments because if you compose an amazing argument it needs to have everything in the right arrangement or the audience and will fail to grasp your idea, without the best possible argument. 11. Style is the way you express your ideas. Every writer has a different writing style. Style can change the feel of an argument. Your style can chnage alot, the character, the view point, the content, the memories, and enhance ethos. Think of a writting stlye the way you’d think of a person’s personal fashion stlye. Everyones is different, some similar but never one hundred percent the same. All of them have a different impact. 12. Style has an effect on communicating an argument to an audience that only that one speaker can do. You could have three different speakers with the same argument topic and all three speakers would graspe the audience in different ways. All from the  style that they use.

Change & Continuity over Time of Religion in Europe from the 1500-1900 Essay

The period between 1500 to 1900 also refers to the time period from the Middle Ages to the modern world. The period witnessed significant strides in state building in England, France, and Spain, where growing bureaucracies levied taxes to finance large-scale warfare and territorial expansion. At the same time encroachment on the longstanding powers of the nobility caused feudal reaction, while the breach with tradition, particularly by creating new taxes in an era plagued by war, famine, and disease, caused peasants to revolt. A number of historical trends emerged to give the period clear definition: the fragmentation of Christianity and growing secularism; pronounced demographic and economic fluctuation; the development of the European state system; and the emergence of a global, Europe-centered system of production and trade. In the second decade of the sixteenth century, the Christian church experienced the first in a series of religious divisions along geographic lines. The sequence of splits, beginning in the Holy Roman Empire and spreading to the whole of Europe by the end of the century, transformed the relationship of the reformed churches with state, society, and the people. Christianity also spread to the indigenous people of the Americas and Asia. There was a strong desire for religious unity, marked by mandatory conversions of Moors and Jews to Catholicism in Spain and an enthusiastic missionary effort both in Europe and abroad. At the same time in nearly every area of Europe religious conflict and calls for a redistribution of power became virtually unavoidable, causing crisis in authority at state and local levels. Religious evangelism encouraged stronger spiritual education of young people. During the same time period, the advances of scientific information provided new, conflicting methods of learning. For this reason, children of educated classes were brought up in a world of competing models of knowledge advanced by churchmen and scientists, while the children of ordinary people were exposed to combinations of evangelical claims, folk wisdom, and the overpowering and repressive Reformation churches. Protestant and Catholic teachers tried to clarify and define the boundaries of official doctrine. Their interactions with the commoners caused serious tensions. Popular beliefs were judged as pagan. Evangelists tried to impose religious uniformity and eliminate groups or individuals who could not be brought into the mainstream Christianity. In particular, the office of the Holy Inquisition denied the lay people’s claims to spiritual powers in an effort to give all powers to the clergy. It was an attempt to take away the spiritual dimension of the lay people, medicine and science. The religious campaign to denounce magic and witchcraft helped prepare the ground for the late-seventeenth-century and eighteenth-century scientific claims that the cosmos was mechanized. In the modern age, science would undermine magical beliefs and reduce the spiritual influence of the clergy. The religious Reformation, together with the critical and undemocratic nature of Renaissance humanism, shattered the unity of intellectual thought, developments that were vital to the advancement of science. The discovery of new worlds and people and that the earth was round; the invention of movable type; the development of firearms and of a lens that improved the visibility of the stars and planets; improved mechanical clocks; and the development of shipbuilding and navigation opened up new intellectual perspectives and methods of discovery that relied increasingly on rational thinking rather than religion. Scientists made new claims to authority and objectivity, and began explaining the world in mechanical terms. Separating the observable world from the spiritual sphere represented a fundamental shift in thought. To see the world operating on basic principles discoverable by reason created hope that humans could control their environment, a change in attitude that helped pave the way for nineteenth-century industrialization.

Facebook †Good or Bad? Essay

www.facebook.com is a very popular social network website. Facebook is so popular, that soon it will reach one billion members. There are many things said about Facebook, some good and some bad. The biggest question of all is how does it weigh out in your life. Actually, there are many advantages of using Facebook. The most common reason for people to use Facebook is to keep in contact with their friends and family. Since Facebook is free, it has become more useful than e-mails or telephones. Using the telephones can be costly especially when it comes to long-distance calls. As for e-mails, they seem to take longer for people to respond to. Therefore Facebook seems to be the best option for people to stay in touch with their friends and family, which is done by uploading pictures, posting status and comment, sending private message and so on. Facebook is best for finding old friends. When a friend goes away to another place we often do not get the chance to communicate with him or her. Now, thanks to Facebook, we are able to find and re-connect with our ex-classmates, schoolmates, former teachers, college friends etc. We can share our feelings and what is happening in and around our daily life through Facebook. We can also get feedback from our friends. It is the best medium to share your feelings and thoughts with others. However, Facebook also has its disadvantages. Some people get addicted and spend too much time on Facebook to update their status, comment on other people’s status, uploading pictures and chatting with their friends. Their time can be put to better use by pursuing other hobbies like sports and games, reading, outing with family and so on. Fake profile is another disadvantage of Facebook. Some people created fake profile and use it to insult and harass other people. The victim ended up having to lodge a police report. In some extreme cases, the victim committed  suicide. In conclusion, Facebook is good if it is used wisely. It helps us to meet many friends, old and new, but be careful not to trust all of them. One also needs to be careful on what he or she shares on Facebook to avoid possible blackmailing or sabotage in the future. Facebook – Good or Bad? www.facebook.com is a very popular social network website. Facebook is so popular, that soon it will reach one billion members. There are many things said about Facebook, some good and some bad. The biggest question of all is how does it weigh out in your life. Actually, there are many advantages of using Facebook. The most common reason for people to use Facebook is to keep in contact with their friends and family. Since Facebook is free, it has become more useful than e-mails or telephones. Using the telephones can be costly especially when it comes to long-distance calls. As for e-mails, they seem to take longer for people to respond to. Therefore Facebook seems to be the best option for people to stay in touch with their friends and family, which is done by uploading pictures, posting status and comment, sending private message and so on. Facebook is best for finding old friends. When a friend goes away to another place we often do not get the chance to communicate with him or her. Now, thanks to Facebook, we are able to find and re-connect with our ex-classmates, schoolmates, former teachers, college friends etc. We can share our feelings and what is happening in and around our daily life through Facebook. We can also get feedback from our friends. It is the best medium to share your feelings and thoughts with others. However, Facebook also has its disadvantages. Some people get addicted and spend too much time on Facebook to update their status, comment on other people’s status, uploading pictures and chatting with their friends. Their time can be put to better use by pursuing other hobbies like sports and  games, reading, outing with family and so on. Fake profile is another disadvantage of Facebook. Some people created fake profile and use it to insult and harass other people. The victim ended up having to lodge a police report. In some extreme cases, the victim committed suicide. In conclusion, Facebook is good if it is used wisely. It helps us to meet many friends, old and new, but be careful not to trust all of them. One also needs to be careful on what he or she shares on Facebook to avoid possible blackmailing or sabotage in the future.

Comparison of Eastern and Western Architecture

The comparison and contrast of the western architecture and eastern architectureWhat makes a edifice outstanding and became a typical logo of the metropolis and even the state. It’s non easily for a architecture to pull the travel partisans and the travellers all over the universe. Many of the edifices and constructions featured are celebrated for their beauty. Others have become celebrated for their inventiveness or their historical significance. There are many similarities and differences between Eastern and Western architectural. Their edifice manner, history, stuffs, map and even significance and influence are form more and less difference. Take Chinese Forbidden metropolis and the Buckingham Palace for illustration, they both represent the representative edifice of their state and impact occurred on modern designer ‘s design. As for architectural manner, the Forbidden metropolis and Buckingham Palace reflected the Eastern and Western’s cultural differences. Infected by their civilization, the architectural manner of Chinese traditional manner with particular accent on â€Å" additive beauty † , pay attending to the flow lines of tune. The Forbidden city’s beams, columns, roof can show â€Å" line † artistic entreaty, as in the remainder of the top of the mountain edifice eaves deliberately made aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹slightly to the sides form a high rise, but made aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹clear the warped corner subdivision, instead steep roof upper and lower more soft, so both for rainwater drainage, but besides contributing to the sunlight and airing. Pursuit of temper and thought heavy moralss embodied in the Chinese ancient edifices really evident when architectural manner, tend to their societal content and symbolism outstanding place on the influential, while besides concentrating on practicality. It’s evidently that the construction contacts the particular Chinese civilization and is practical. In the same context, the Buckingham Palace titling emphasizes â€Å" form United States â€Å" , originated in classical Grecian aesthetics that † the United States in the signifier of objects. Both Forbidden metropolis and Buckingham Palace has long history. In the Middle Ages, the site of the future castle formed portion of the Manor of Ebury. Owners included Edward the Confessor and his queen consort Edith of Wessex in late Saxon times, and, after the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror. William gave the site to Geoffrey de Mandeville, who bequeathed it to the monastics of Westminster Abbey. In 1531, Henry VIII acquired the Hospital of St James from Eton College, and in 1536 he took the Manor of Ebury from Westminster Abbey. These transportations brought the site of Buckingham Palace back into royal custodies for the first clip since William the Conqueror had given it off about 500 old ages before. Finally, in the late seventeenth century, the freehold was inherited from the belongings baron Sir Hugh Audley by the great inheritress Mary Davies. Likewise, the Forbidden metropolis got through a long period excessively. Beijing Forbidden City began building of Emperor Yongle in AD 1406, was rejected Yuan air conveyance, fundamentally non built on the footing of most of the Yuan Dynasty castle, instead eastward 150 m, re-created from the castle, the castle walls of the castle, including all were re-built, larger than most of the castle, somewhat less than the Forbidden City in Nanjing, a former interior decorator for artisan craftsmen Queen Kuai Xiang, inaugurated in 1420 AD, built from 1420 to about 500 in 1911 between the Qing emperor to renounce, Ming, A sum of 24 Emperor Qing dynasties lived in the Forbidden City. The differentiation on the edifice stuffs is besides a different factor of the edifice manner. In ancient times, Chinese designers used wood as the chief edifice stuffs while Western designers used masonries as their chief stuffs. The most stuffs of the Forbidden metropolis are wood, but because of Forbidden City pick 15 sorts of cherished and timber corrosion, it still protect wholly and won’t cause problem. On the other manus, Buckingham Palace’s facade ornament stuffs are the Bath limestone. These two sort of stuff choice make the edifice have different visual aspect. Many visitants surprised at these wholly different architectural manner edifice from their ain state, the pick of the wood and rock greatly depend the difference of Eastern and Western architecture. With the clip fly, the pick of stuffs change a batch and until now, Eastern state and Western state non merely retained their choice featured on co-workers, but besides learn from each other’s specializer, the interior decorator utilizing different edifice stuffs to make a more originative and typical architectural. The Forbidden City and Buckingham Palace’s map alteration but they are still be used now. Buckingham Palace has served as the official London abode of Britain ‘s crowned heads since 1837 and today is the administrative central office of the Monarch. Although in usage for the many official events and responses held by The Queen, the State Rooms at Buckingham Palace are unfastened to visitants every twelvemonth. The Palace is really much a working edifice and the centerpiece of Britain ‘s constitutional monarchy. It houses the offices of those who support the daily activities and responsibilities of The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh and their immediate household. The Palace is besides the locale for great Royal ceremonials, State Visits and Investitures, all of which are organised by the Royal Household. Although Buckingham Palace is furnished and decorated with invaluable plants of art that form portion of the Royal Collection, one of the major art aggregations in the universe today. It is non an art gallery and nor is it a museum. More than 50,000 people visit the Palace each twelvemonth as invitees to feasts, tiffins, dinners, responses and the Royal Garden Parties. On contrast, the Forbidden metropolis has apply for World Heritage and it is unfastened for tourers. Forbidden City, two thousand old ages of development in China and East Asia pinnacle of classical architecture, has been impacting the subsequent development of Chinese architecture, every bit good as supplying inspiration for many plants of art. The significance and influence of the Forbidden metropolis and Buckingham Palace is Considerable. Their architecture is a theoretical account for modern construction interior decorator. Walking in the Forbidden City, the artistic consequence of the sort of infinite sequence degree by constructing depth intervention group obtained. Like a Chinese coil appreciate it, to get down with the image of piecewise, people ever with a sense of expectancy, looking frontward to the apogee and coronating touch screen show, therefore heightening the entreaty of the work of art. It is for this ground, the edifice generated after go forthing their old age, still can connotation artistic appeal. To open a new epoch of people ‘s heads casement, giving the joy of beauty. Ancient edifices across clip and infinite is like a span linking the deceased and present, giving the midst ambiance and beauty. Hypertext transfer protocol: //wenku.baidu.com/view/0f86042d0066f5335a812165.html

Business Risk Approach Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business Risk Approach - Assignment Example The specific risk of fraud or error that might occur will be the error of omission of individual transactions. The accountants (Rittenberg, Karla, Johnstone, and Audrey, Gramling, p.22) make the errors in the financial statements. The identification of the internal auditor of the misstatement of a material in the financial statements for the particular period under audit. There is a possibility that it was initially identified by the internal control of the entity. It includes misstatements that involve judgment and estimation by which an auditor detects the likely adjustments of material and corrections of the amounts recorded (Rittenberg, Karla, Johnstone, and Audrey, Gramling, p.22). Here there is the presence of the fraud resulting from material misstatements especially on the part of the senior management. It will affect the company financial capacity at the end (Rittenberg, Karla, Johnstone, and Audrey, Gramling, p.22). There is also the failure by the management or those who have the responsibility to assess deficiency impacts that were communicated earlier to them. They have a responsibility of either to remedy it or asset that no rectification will be made (Rittenberg, Karla, Johnstone, and Audrey, Gramling, p.22). There is also the presence of an ineffective control environment. Weak control of the various aspects of the internal control could result in an incorrect judgment by the auditor. He could conclude that there exists a significant deficiency or weakness of the material in the control environment (Rittenberg, Karla, Johnstone, and Audrey, Gramling, p.22). There is also the restatement of financial statements that were issued previously to reflect the correction of a material misstatement. The correction of a misstatement entails those errors due to frauds or error. It does not require restatements that indicate a significant change in the principle of accounting to be in line with a new principle of accounting. In addition, to be in line with a voluntary change of one accepted principle of accounting to the other accepted principle of accounting (Rittenberg, Karla, Johnstone, and Audrey, Gramling, p.22).